One argument is that they were the inevitable result of undemocratic, unworkable colonial systems, and an imperial government in London that was out of touch and unsympathetic to reform. Rebellions of 1837, also known as Rebellions of 1837–38, rebellions mounted in 1837–38 in each colony of Upper and Lower Canada against the British Crown and the political status quo. Their failure paved the way for more moderate reformers, such as Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine in  Responsible government. P.A. Rebellions of 1837 The Lower Canadians wish to be free from British rule so they start a rebellion. With the help of American volunteers, the various rebel groups launched raids against Upper Canada. The rebellion in Lower Canada was led by Louis-Joseph Papineau and his Patriotes, as well as more moderate French Canadian nationalists. These were critical events on the road to Canadian nationhood. The insurgency fizzled after 1838. After the second uprising failed, Papineau departed the US for exile in Paris. He was forced Their revolt was smaller and less deadly. In both…. Rebellion of 1837 After learning about the rebellion of 1837 and constantly taking notes, I realized the rebellion was not successful in overturning the government but it did unite both Upper and Lower Canada together. By Caroline, Nora, and Rachel. The Compact was an elite clique of officials and businessmen who ran the colony, largely through a system of patronage. The Rebellion of 1837 was about many revolts and attacks against the rule of Great Britain. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? The Shays Rebellion was important for it became one of the factors that led to the writing of the Constitution of America. But in 1838 more battles were fought after 1837 . The revolt in Lower Canada was more serious and violent than the rebellion in Upper Canada. A government in which the executive council is responsible to the legislative assembly whose members are represent ones of the people. Historians have disagreed about how much popular support each rebellion received and to what degree the uprisings were necessary. The revolt in Lower Canada was the more serious and violent of the two. just upriver from the falls. Cross and R.L. Start studying History Rebellion of 1837. They included about 120 Black soldiers under the command of Colonel Samuel Jarvis. An earlier version of this entry was published by It also resulted in the introduction of responsible government. Here is a "bare basic explanation" of the impact of the rebellions of 1837 on Canada: "One of the most famous and well-known happenings in … to withdraw on 14 January, after Canadian volunteers burned the rebel ship, Caroline. All of this led to protest rallies across the colony . After years of failed efforts at peaceful change, Mackenzie in 1837 convinced his most radical followers to try to seize control of the government and declare the colony a republic. Some of the causes were similar, rooted in the governing structure imposed by the 1791 constitution, while other causes developed from each colony’s particular character. Going back to the thesis of the author the charivaris of 1837 were a tool used against the colonial government of Lower Canada and this was done by them by eradicating the local administration in great strides. There were two outbursts of violence. The Patriots and the People is a fundamental reinterpretation of the Rebellion. During 1838 there was a guerrilla army that carried out attacks along Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Many of the rebels (including Mackenzie) fled to the United States. and burning of French-Canadian settlements. Mackenzie spent years in exile in New York. The rebellion in Lower Canada was led by Louis-Joseph Papineau and With the help of American volunteers, a second rebellion was launched in November 1838. About 1,000 men, mostly farmers of American origin, gathered for four days in December at Montgomery’s Tavern on Yonge Street in Toronto. Louis-Joseph Papineau, (born October 7, 1786, Montreal, Quebec [Canada]—died September 25, 1871, Montebello, Quebec, Canada), politician who was the radical leader of the French Canadians in Lower Canada (now Quebec) in the period preceding an unsuccessful revolt against the British government in 1837.. Papineau was elected a member of the House of Assembly of Lower Canada in 1809. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. economic depression in the 1830s. It was followed by further He played a major role in the events leading to the Rebellion of 1837 in Lower Canada, although he took no part in the rebellion … There were two types of rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada. Become a … The Province of Canada came into being in 1841, and this in turn led to the introduction of responsible government. for service during the rebellions. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Others weren’t so lucky. PLAY. That the rebellion necessarily involved either submission or destruction, and that the longer the former was delayed the more certain was the latter. The insurgents were once again dispersed. Another view is that the insurgencies amounted to pointless bloodletting, which may have even slowed the pace of reform. The Three days later the full rebel group was dispersed by loyalists from the tavern. "Rebellions of 1837–38". Rebellion in Upper Canada.). About 1,000 men, mostly farmers of American origin, gathered for four days in December at Montgomery’s Tavern on Yonge Street in Toronto. The class composition was … He proclaimed a republic of Upper Canada. The Causes for the Rebellion of 1837-1838 The rebellions of Upper and Lower Canada were in the interests of self-government but were doomed to failure from their beginning. The insurgency in Lower Canada inspired anglophone radicals in Upper Canada to take their The two uprisings left 325 people dead, all of them rebels except for 27 British soldiers. Their political demands, which included democratic pleas for responsible government, were rejected in London. his  The Lower Canadian Rebellion of 1837 has been called the most important event in pre-Confederation history. found a place in history as unlikely folk heroes who fought bravely, if not carefully, for democratic ideals. In, M.S. Canada West (formerly  The rebellion of Amara Sulya and Puttabasappa of Kodagu,the rebellion of Venkatappa of Surapura and the rebellion of Veerappa of Koppal. of the rebel force fled in a state of confusion once the firing started. However, both events inspired the pivotal Durham Report. The Compact dominated the running of the government. 2. Francophone-Anglophone Relations.). own action against the Crown. The Lower Canada Rebellion (French: rébellion du Bas-Canada), commonly referred to as the Patriots' War (French: Guerre des patriotes) in French, is the name given to the armed conflict in 1837–38 between the rebels of Lower Canada (now southern Quebec) and the government of Lower Canada.Together with the simultaneous rebellion in the neighbouring colony of Upper Canada (now … They exchanged gunfire with a smaller group of militia loyal to the Crown. (See: Amnesty Act.) Blog. Dannicah S. Blk 2. Another view is that the insurgencies amounted to pointless bloodletting, which may have even slowed the pace of reform. One fact is clear: the rebellions prompted the appointment of John George Lambton, 1st earl of Durham and the writing of the Durham Report, which recommended the two colonies be united as one. This was done for strictly financial reasons and was yet another contributing factor in the rebellion. STUDY. Their political demands, which included democratic pleas for responsible government, were rejected in London. Nearly 100 rebels were captured. It led to the Act of Union, which merged the two colonies into the Province of Canada. Buckner is an editor at The Canadian Encyclopedia, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. They controlled the system of patronagethroughout the colony and used political office and influence to further their own business interests. The revolt in Lower Canada was the more serious and violent of the two. State governments controlled who had... 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